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The scientific activities observed within the borders of the Ottoman Empire throughout the six centuries of history of the Ottomans displayed a unique course of development. Although the Ottomans had many shared elements from the viewpoint of historical heritage and tradition with the other Islamic societies remaining outside of the Ottoman Empire, they also had some differences due to the geographical location, administration of the state and the dynamism of the society. Thus Ottoman science had an innovative attribute from the viewpoint of the developments experienced, even though it shared a lot with the Islamic world outside the Ottoman lands from the aspect of its sources. Ottoman scientific tradition was formed at the beginning by being influenced from the experience of the older Islamic centers of science and culture. However, after a short period of time, Ottoman science reached a point where it could influence the old centers of science and culture and serve as as an example to them. On the other hand, this innovative character of the Ottomans was emphasized by the fact that as of the 17th century the influence of Western science gradually started to appear in the Ottoman world and began to influence the other Islamic countries through Ottomans. These developments brought Ottomans who represented the Islamic world as awhole to a point of constituting a unique synthesis between Islam and the Modern West...read more
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